Iraq holds provincial council elections after 10-year hiatus

Iraqis voted today in the first provincial council elections in a decade, with the ruling Shia Muslim alliance likely to extend its grip on power amid a boycott by populist cleric Moqtada Al-Sadr, its main political rival, Reuters reports.

The vote is seen as a test of Iraq’s young democracy – installed by the US after the toppling of Saddam Hussein in 2003 – before 2025 parliamentary polls that will determine the balance of power in a nation where groups close to Iran have gained influence in recent years.

Voter apathy has been on the rise among a mostly young population that feels it has not seen the benefits of Iraq’s massive oil wealth, much of which is misdirected or stolen in a country ranked among the world’s most corrupt.

Senior politicians called for a high turnout after casting their votes at a plush centre set up for top officials at one of Baghdad’s best hotels.

More than 16 million Iraqis registered to vote today, fewer than in 2021’s parliamentary polls, when authorities said 22 million were eligible. Turnout then was 41 per cent of eligible voters.

Preparing a cup of sweet tea by his kiosk near a polling centre in central Baghdad, Ali Aswad, 39, said spending even five minutes voting was too much time wasted.

“I won’t vote any more. They have been telling us democracy will help improve our lives but nothing happened,” he said, adding that his two sons were unemployed. “Elections are a competition of words without actions and democracy is a big lie.”

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Some voters, however, retain faith in the system.

“I have never missed a chance to vote since 2005 because I believe in change,” said Aqeel Al-Assadi, a 58-year-old high school headmaster. “One day democracy will be served; if not for us, then for our children.”

Local elections last took place in 2013. They were postponed because of the war against Daesh who took over large parts of Iraq but were eventually defeated.

Security in the country has improved and public focus has shifted to decrepit government services, high unemployment and rampant corruption – issues at the heart of 2019 mass protests that were violently suppressed by security forces.

Observers are closely watching the oil city of Kirkuk, where elections are taking place for the first time since 2005 and tensions between ethnic groups – including Kurds, Arabs and Turkmen – recently escalated into deadly violence.

Azad Aref, a 58-year-old Kurd, said he hoped elections could allow the Kirkuk’s inhabitants to “live in peaceful coexistence”.

Growing power

Sadr’s Shia rivals, who blocked his bid to form a government after he won the 2021 parliamentary polls, are likely to take control of most local councils, especially in the mainly Shia southern provinces.

This would further consolidate the power of the ruling Shia alliance, which is known as the Coordination Framework, via access to state oil wealth that can be spent on local projects and services.

The alliance forms the single-largest bloc in parliament after members of Sadr’s party withdrew.

Sadr, a populist who has positioned himself as a staunch opponent of Iran and the United States, has said the elections would reinforce the dominance of a corrupt political class.

Voting takes place in 15 of Iraq’s 18 provinces to select 285 council members who appoint powerful provincial governors and oversee local administration.

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Members of the Shia alliance are running on several lists – with former Prime Minister Nouri Al-Maliki forming his own list and Iran-backed groups with armed wings running another – but have said they will rule together after the vote.

The country’s two most powerful Sunni Muslim leaders, ousted parliament speaker Mohammed Halbousi and business mogul Khamees Khanjar, are running together.

Sajad Jiyad, an Iraqi analyst and fellow at The Century Foundation think tank, said the expected low voter turnout was not a threat to the political order.

“The political elite are not too fussed, they are not too concerned,” he said.

“[Among the public] there is a sense that election results don’t really matter because, in the end, it’s the same faces who will ultimately dominate politics.”