On 9 October, 2 days after launching its bombing campaign on Gaza, referring to Palestinians as ‘human animals’, Israel declared a complete siege on the Strip, saying no food, water, medication or other essentials would be allowed in or out of the enclave. As a result, electricity supplies have dwindled and hospitals in Gaza have repeatedly reported operating using mobile phone lights. Sewage is now flooding displacement camps, as there is no fuel to operate pumping stations.
With no food entering the Strip, and Israel blocking access to agricultural land, food prices have soared and Palestinians - who now have no access to banks or an income - have struggled to feed themselves and a famine has now taken effect in Gaza.
Some 86% of the enclave is currently covered by Israeli issued evacuation orders. According to the UN, at least 1.9 million people (or nine in ten people) across the Gaza Strip are internally displaced, including people who have been repeatedly displaced (some, up to 10 times or more). While more than 80% of buildings have been destroyed.
At least a quarter of Palestinians wounded in Israel’s war on the besieged Gaza Strip have suffered ‘life-changing injuries’, with many requiring amputations and other ‘huge’ rehabilitation needs, the World Health Organisation (WHO) has said.
The number of unaccompanied and separated children in Gaza has likely increased to 3-5% of the overall displaced population according to an assessment by the International Rescue Committee (IRC) in August. IRC indicated that, since October, 41% of families in Gaza were caring for children who were not their own.
In addition to the destruction of the Strip, Israeli newspaper Haaretz reported in August that Israeli occupation forces in Gaza have been using Palestinian civilians as human shields, sending them into buildings in handcuffs and with cameras attached to them to see if the buildings are booby trapped.
In April, 19 UN experts and rapporteurs said in a joint statement that Israel’s destruction in Gaza, which has affected more than 80% of educational facilities - and all its universities - confirms the occupation state is intent on comprehensively destroying the Palestinian education system, in what has become known as ‘educational genocide.’
While Israel carried out its bombing campaign, far-right Israeli ministers and members of the Knesset attended a conference calling for renewed settlement in Gaza. Signs at the event included those reading: 'Only transfer [the displacement of Palestinians] will bring peace.'
Property in Gaza has also been advertised by Israelis, with settler groups calling for the full reoccupation of Gaza and the expulsion of its Palestinian residents.
On 2 September, in an address to the media Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu used a map of Israel that erased the occupied West Bank, marking it as Israeli territory.
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Is Israel intent on committing genocide in Gaza
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Israel starves Gaza: The Great Famine
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Starvation forcing Gazans to eat leaves
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Ben-Gvir: ‘We will occupy & settle all of Gaza’
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Israeli MK: We'll pay Palestinians to leave
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HRW: Israel soldiers supporting settler attacks on Palestinians
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Israeli soldier: 'Anybody left in Gaza y'all gonna die'
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'Gaza is the most documented genocide in history,' Palestinian Ambassador to the UN
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Far Right Israeli politician calls for wiping out Gaza
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Pro-Israeli protester: 'White people are superior humans'
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Israel soldier: 'Gazans are devils we must kill them'
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German-Israeli soldier cooks in home of displaced Gazan
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10 children lose one or two legs in Gaza every day, says UNRWA
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Gaza: leaked video shows elderly woman mauled by Israeli military dog
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‘I’ll abuse them’ - MP to stop injured Gazans from coming to Israel
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Ukrainian actor threatens to 'crush' Gaza, Lebanon and Iran
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Gazan woman: ‘We collected only the body parts of the dead’
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Israel flattens UNRWA HQ sheltering displaced Gazans
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Israel leaves Gaza hospital in ruins
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Thousands of displaced Palestinians in Gaza's Khan Yunis fleeing Israeli attacks: UN agency
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Israeli soldiers destroy medical equipment in Gaza hospital
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Discover the Great Omari Mosque, Palestine
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Israelis make plans to settle Gaza ‘within a year’
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‘Unimaginable horror’: UN official films destruction of northern Gaza
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Israel returns ‘unidentifiable’ bodies of 80 Palestinians to Gaza
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'Zionism freed the land from Arab, Muslim colonialism'
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Israeli settler: 'Colonialism gets a bad rap'
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Israeli rabbi: destroy Al-Aqsa with missile & blame it on Iran
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Israeli podcasters laugh about ‘erasing Gaza
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Israeli commander: 'Deport anyone who raises Palestine flag to Gaza'
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'Israel is pursuing Jewish supremacy' UN told by experts
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Doctor: ‘I didn't recognise Gaza when I left Nasser Hospital’
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Israeli soldiers film themselves stealing aid from starving Gazans
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Israeli forces exhume Palestinian bodies from Jabalia mass graves
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Israeli minister: 'We will ruin the West Bank like Gaza'
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Displaced Palestinian mother: 'My 8-month-old has phosphorus burns'
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Israel stops Spanish Consulate in Jerusalem serving Palestinians in West Bank
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Khan Yunis: 'Everywhere you turn you see destruction'
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Palestinians are dying with 'not enough doctors, medicines' in Gaza City
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Gaza: 'Rescuing the wounded is getting harder'
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Israeli forces raid Druze village to destroy homes
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Israel minister calls for colonisation of Gaza and expulsion of Palestinians
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Israel leaves northern Gaza in ruins
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Israeli settlers scale Erez Crossing threatening to invade Gaza if aid continues
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Far-right Israeli settlers burn Gaza aid trucks
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Israeli soldiers vow to ‘destroy Rafah’ as they prepare to invade the city
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Israel to use 'imprecise missiles' in Gaza after US pause on arms transfer: Knesset member
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‘Over 130 mass graves’ found in Gaza as more bodies uncovered at Al-Shifa
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Israeli captain: ‘We have to stop aid if we want to win’
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Piers Morgan: 'annihilating Gaza' borders genocidal
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Israeli politician: handcuffed dead bodies 'fought back'
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‘They deserve death’: Israeli TV meltdown over Gaza beach video
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190 bodies found in mass grave at hospital in Gaza’s Khan Yunis
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‘Palestinian Nazi state’ can’t be allowed into UN Security Council, says Israel
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High rates of malnutrition impacting children and premature babies in Gaza
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Khan Yunis left in ruins after Israeli forces’ withdrawal
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Bill Maher claims Palestine belongs to Jews
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Israeli soldier boasts about destroyed school in Khan Yunis
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Infographic video depicts Israel’s bombing and displacement of Gaza civilians
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Israeli soldiers publish video detonating Palestinian homes
Montage gathers Israeli soldiers’ videos of war crimes in Gaza
Israeli soldier destroys Palestinians’ property in Gaza
Israel planning to further displace over a million civilians in Rafah as they plan upcoming invasion
'Like in every war, civilians are caught up in it,’ stated Israeli army spokesperson
Buried at Shifa: Father searches for newborn's corpse following Israeli raid
Aerial images reveal the destruction caused by Israeli forces at Al-Shifa Medical Complex in Gaza
Israeli soldier fires indiscriminately at Gaza residential buildings while smoking
British journalist says Israel shooting and killing anything that moves
Israeli spokesperson fails to answer question about civilian death toll in Gaza
‘About 30 medical staff are not accounted for, and we do not know what has become of them’
'Aid ships bound for Gaza are being turned around, despite still carrying aid'
Israeli soldiers record ad in home of displaced and murdered Gazans
Gaza's largest medical facility unrecognisable after Israeli attack
'The Israeli army locked us in a burnt-out department,' says Shifa raid survivor
Israeli forces leave Al-Shifa Hospital completely destroyed
‘Some were shot dead and others were buried alive in ditches’
Shifa raid survivor: Israeli forces kidnapped my sons, shot my son-in-law
MEMO inspects extensive destruction of Gaza's Al-Shifa Hospital as Israeli forces withdraw
Israeli soldiers play with ball on ruins of destroyed homes
An Ethiopian soldier in the Israeli forces recorded himself dancing inside a destroyed home in Gaza
Israeli soldier imitates GTA game in Gaza
Israeli soldier records a video showing dozens of Palestinian hostages stripped naked and seated in a refugee school
Israeli soldiers shoot civilians waving white flag and bury bodies with bulldozer
Israeli Soldiers Aim at Family Including Child
Israeli soldiers accused of raping Palestinian women and children
Israeli school students enact the killing of a Palestinian during Purim celebrations
‘They're raping women to humiliate the men. This is their way of humiliating the Palestinian men’
‘Women in Gaza are being raped and this is not being investigated or reported’
An elderly Palestinian woman in Gaza prepares grass for Iftar during Ramadan
Women and children make more than 70% of Gaza death toll
Gaza market faces severe shortages and soaring prices
Israeli soldiers arrest a Palestinian doctor with his medical white coat, label him ‘human garbage’
‘The basic rule we have when fighting in the holy war: Do not spare any soul’
‘Surgeons have had no choice but to carry out amputations without anaesthesia on children’
Israelis film and enjoy the bombardment of Gaza
US singer Kid Rock says civilians in Gaza should be killed and held responsible for return of Israeli hostages
Actress dehumanises Palestinians calling them ‘Vermin’ on Israeli TV
Israeli soldier offers Palestinian homes for sale on TikTok
Video footage reveals Israel's use of white phosphorus in north Gaza city
Knesset member denies Palestine's right to exist to Arab colleague
Israeli soldier says hundreds of thousands will be forcibly displaced from Gaza
Israeli soldiers destroy trucks and industrial structures in Gaza
Israelis dance while blocking aid trucks to Gaza
Israeli soldiers destroy communications line for entertainment
Israeli comedian mocks Palestinians killed in failed parachute aidrop
Israeli soldiers dance with stolen Palestinian money
Likud Party MK says those killed in Gaza ‘deserved it’
Israeli general calls for ‘Israeli Guantanamo’ in Gaza
Israeli soldiers post videos destroying entire neighbourhoods in Gaza
Israeli military rabbi says Israel is leading ‘a war of redemption’ in Gaza
Israeli ministers attend Jerusalem conference on expelling Gazans
Ben-Gvir advocates for settlement expansion in Gaza
Israel has been using 2000lb ‘bunker busting’ bombs to strike Gaza, leaving large craters across the enclave. In June it was estimated that the occupation state dropped six times more bombs on Gaza than the US used in its nuclear bomb attack on Hiroshima in 1945. Gaza is 60% smaller than Hiroshima.
Concept, research and text: Sara Khalil
Videos: Middle East Monitor
Development: MEMO's Digital Team